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Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali: a Political Biography (1930-1967)

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Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali: A Political Biography (1930-1967) RESEARCHER JAMIL AHMAD Roll No. 6 Session: 2013-2015 M. Phil History SUPERVISOR Dr. Shahid Hassan Rizvi Chairman Department of History DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY “Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali: A Political Biography (1930-1967)” A Thesis Submitted to the Islamia University of Bahawalpur in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in History BY JAMIL AHMAD DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY The Islamia University of Bahawalpur February 2015 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Preamble 2 Dedication 3 Acknowledgments 4 Foreword 5 Abbreviations / Acronyms 6 Abstract 7 Chapter No.1 Introduction 8 Chapter No.2 Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali: Political Biography (1930 to 1947) 9 Chapter No. 3 Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali in National Politics (1948-1967) 16 Conclusion 17 Appendices 18 Glossary 19 Bibliography 8 ABSTRACT Introduction Holy Quran tells us about the truth of history of ancient generations and accounts of different personalities so that we may recognize the truth of the past. The holy Quran ۱۱هود٠٢١ذمرى للمومىيه .وجآءك في ٌذي الحق وموعظة وومﻻوقص عليل مه اوبآءالرسل ماوثبت ) :says that And all that we relate to you (Muhammad PBUH) of the history of the“ .(بً فوأدك ج messengers is in order that thereby We make firm your heart. And herein has come to you the Truth as well as a lesson and a reminder for believers” (11:120).The descriptive narration of bygone nations and personalities both nobles and mean persons is a vital proof of Holy Quran being a Divine written to teach us lesson. Allama Shames-ud-Din Mohammad Bin Abdul Rahman Al-Sakhavi (May Allah merciful to him) wrote in his at page70-71 that Prophet (اﻻعﻻن بالتوبيخ/book “Al-Ailan-Bitoubikh” (Arabic Mohammad PBUH said that “One who writes an account of a Muslim as if he alive him again and one who reads this account as if he visited to him and one who alive the accounts as if he has given life to the whole humanity”. In this way writing accounts and history is the tradition of Allah and his last prophet Mohammad PBUH and advice for believers. According to the Longfellow‟s quote that: “Lives of great men remind us We can make our lives sublime”. In the light of above quote, the study of personalities is my favorite subject. During study of different personalities, the Truth, bravery, courage, enthusiasm, struggle for the freedom and liberty of Pakistan, love for Quaid-e-Azam, devotion for Muslim League and Pakistan before and after independence and attempts for uniting Balochistan with Pakistan of Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali has greatly impressed me. But if we want to know about such nobles, we find no scholarly works. But we found major studies available of those personalities who have been at national or international level such as Mohammad 13 Ali Jinnah and Allama Dr. Muhammad Iqbal etc. There are very few studies available about the secondary level leadership of Pakistan movement and political history of Pakistan. Studies for such leadership at these levels have remained more or less ignored by scholars. Some of the scholars, such as: Dr. Inamul-Haq Kausar, Anwar Roman, Ali Hussain Jamali, Akhtar Ali Khan Baloch, Brigadier (Retd.) M. Usman Hassan, and Nasim Hijazi etc. have discussed their contributions in their studies but only generally as a part of their research. However, in recent years, scholars trend has shifted their attention to the regional studies and it has become an important aspect in historical research, it is apposite for researchers to reconstruct historical development in some detail, to find out relatively unknown facts about the contributions of secondary leadership for Pakistan since freedom struggle and later their services for the nation building after independence. In this way, the gaps in the historical information can be filled out. Therefore, the lack of weight given by scholars in the past in their work necessitated to me to analyze Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali‟s role of immense importance during the struggle for independence and after emergence of Pakistan. He pledged his life for making Balochistan as integral part of Pakistan, constructive politics as leader of Muslim League. He took part in “Tehrik-e-Khilafat”, too. He also issued a weekly periodical “Tanzeem” from Quetta, whose editor was famous historical novelist Nasim Hijazi, for motivating the tribal leaders and people for Pakistan Movement. Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali was born in 14th of February, 1908, in “Taj Pur” a village near Rojhan Jamali, Tehsil Jhat Pat of district Nasirabad (now Jaffarabad). His father Mir Taj Muhammad Jamali who was the son of Sakhi Dur Muhammad Khan Jamali, was a prominent land lord. He got early education of the Holly Quran and Persian from Maulvi Abdul Raheem Kulachi of the local Masjid. Mir Sahib fluently spoke Sindhi, Seraiki, Balochi, Arabi, Urdu and English languages. From his adolescent years, he set himself apart as a visionary. At the tender age of 16 years he participated in a tribal „Jirga” involving the Mazari tribe. This tribunal was unable to reach a verdict on the matter at hand. It was the suggestion of the young Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali that resolved the matter at hand. Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali at the age of 18 took part in politics. In 1938, 14 he joined the All India Muslim League. He was the closed companion of the Quaid-e- Azam. He was the leader of the both provinces Balochistan and Sindh. He had been elected as the member of the Sindh Assembly in 1946 and 1953 elections from the upper Sind constituency of Jacobabad. In 1942, he was elected as Vice President of Muslim League of Balochistan. Due to his services to Pakistan Movement in Balochistan, Quaid-e-Azam used to say him as “The Gate Way of Balochistan”. He was the right hand of the Fatima Jinnah in the election of the 1965. Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali was expired on 7 April 1967 at Karachi and buried in Rojhan Jamali. Statement of the Problem Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali was very notable personality among the leaders of Pakistan Movement. He was a sincere and confident companion of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah and important leader of All India Muslim League. He worked day and night for Pakistan Movement. But it is regretful that educated people of our country in general and young generation in particular, are not well aware of his valued contributions for Pakistan Movement, especially services for inclusion of Balochistan in Pakistan was a big achievement. Indeed, he was a man, who served for the Muslims of the Sub-continent and AIML, and kept on his efforts and work for the establishment of Pakistan. His services and work need to be acknowledged in the true spirit. Significance of the Study It is a matter of great concern that a particular school of thought is trying to influence the mind-sets of young generation of Pakistan that this country was created in order to give advantage to some preferred landlords and capitalists and there was no concern of the Islamic Ideology behind the making of Pakistan. Such people are in fact not only denying the purpose behind formation of Pakistan but they are negating the Two Nation Theory. Such people affirm their version with an argument that if behind the creation of Pakistan and inclusion of Balochistan in Pakistan, the real motive was to establish an Islamic state, then why majority of Balochistatn‟s leaders had opposed Tehrik-e- Pakistan? In such state of affairs, it is quite imperative to bring the true concept of 15 Ideology of Pakistan to general public so as to ascertain the role of Muslim leaders in formation of Pakistan. Among the political leadership of Balochistan who played a vital role in creation of Pakistan, the name of Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali is foremost. In 1938, he joined Muslim League and thereafter left no stone unturned to achieve the desired targets of Tehrik-e- Pakistan in coordination with other leaders of the party. He helped Quaid-e-Azam to his level best; therefore, his services are of significant nature. It is obligatory for us to explore his wisdom, vision, services and work so that coming generations may follow footsteps. The objectives of the study are: 1. To explore the political services of Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali as for Pakistan Movement. 2. To look into the nature of the development of politics in Balochistan and the part played by Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali particularly those political events when Muslim League has lost his weight in the politics of Balochistan. He struggled hard to popularize the idea of Pakistan in Balochistan and Sindh during struggle for Pakistan. 3. To study his relationship with Quaid-e-Azam and Fatima Jinnah 4. His role for restoring democracy against Martial Law of Ayub Khan. 5. As a journalistic role through issuing weekly, “Tanzeem” Quetta. Literature Review: On the services of Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali, no detailed work has so far been done. Prof. Dr. Inam-ul-Haq Kausar elaborated the contribution of prominent political leadership of Balochistan in the Pakistan Movement in his many books, like: “Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali ki Diary kay chand Awraq, 1947-1945 – Tehreek Pakistan ka Aik Aaham Bab”, published in 1998 Quetta by „Muhawra Taleemi Tehqeeq‟ this book consist on partial period from1945 to 1947 of personal diary of Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali, which indicates the political activities of Mir Sahib. A brief life sketch and his political services are 16 described in sequent, that how Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali entered in the politics and how he struggled for the cause of Pakistan and inclusion of the Balochsitan with Pakistan.
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